CLOTHING

A feature of all modern human societies is the wearing of clothing, a category encompassing a wide variety of materials that cover the body. The primary purpose of clothing is functional, as a protection from the elements. Clothes also enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking, by providing a barrier between the skin and the environment. We done a lot of project in this major and we done a lot of hardwork because the mere fact I'm not fun of this project because it talks about on how to sew and make pattern of the clothes, when un fact i dont know on how to sew my clothes using the machine even in hand sewing i still dint know how, but with the patience of our teacher I am proud to say that i can sew my clothes using the sewing machine or by means of hand. thanks to our teacher.. she is one of my favorite teacher because she is kind and soft hearted teacher. here are the some of the pattern that we made.

Another common division of dart control is between waistline and shoulder darts.

1. On the cut-out bodice-front sloper with the cut-out dart, locate the position of the new shoulder dart. When there is a dart on the back shoulder, it is a fine point in design to match the location of the two. Place the front sloper against the back shoulder Mark the position of the front shoulder dart. Label the point A (Fig. 43a).

2. Draw the new: dart line from shoulder to dart point (Fig. 43a).

3. Slash the dart line.

4. Close PART of the original dart; the remaining control is automatically shifted to the new dart

(Fig. 43b).

5. Complete the pattern by adding all the necessary signs, symbols, and notations.

Handicraft is one of our major in our course, we done a lot of project in our course but what i like most is to create or make a stuffed toy out of raw materials. I cant post my personalize stuffed toy because it was blew by the flood, but i can still remember the procedure on how to make a stuffed toy. Here is the procedure on how to make a stuffed toy.

Tips:

◦Check for quality. The fur should brush downward, the eyes aligned, and the nose on the right spot.
◦Trace the patterns correctly. Cutting cloth that has been wrongly traced is a costly mistake.
Materials Needed:

◦Cardboards or recycled folders for pattern making
◦1/6 yard of long fur plush cloth preferably in shades of brown or beige
◦1/10 kilo of silicon fiber fill for stuffing
◦A pair of #16 plastic eyes with lock
◦A piece of #16 plastic nose with lock
◦A yard of half-inch wide ribbon
◦Pencil or permanent marker for tracing patterns
◦One lot of cotton thread
◦Scissors
◦Pins
◦2.5 inch long needles
◦Cutter

PROCEDURES:

1.Use the cardboards or recycled folders to make a pattern for the stuffed toy. You may get ideas from the internet or from books or magazines then incorporate your own design.

2.Trace the pattern using a pencil or permanent marker, and make sure you label the pieces before cutting them. The pattern should also indicate whether or not it will be traced twice on the cloth to form a pair (such as ears, face, body, etc.), using labels such as “cut 1″ or “cut 2″.

3.Put arrows on your pattern to indicate direction when you attach the parts while sewing. Broken lines can also be used near the edge of the patterns to place pins, while letters can indicate which side or body part should be attached to another body part.

4.When the patterns are cut and labeled, start tracing them onto the interior of the plush cloth material. Layout all the patterns on the cloth, following the directions of the arrows and the labels on them. Maximize every part of the cloth and take note of patterns that need to be traced twice.

5.Cut the plush cloth with only the tip of our scissors to avoid damaging the fur. Join the pieces together by hand sewing it or with the use of a machine. Use a similar colored thread or opt for a white since the plush material will cover the thread anyway.

6.Choose which body part to attach first. For this project, start attaching parts to be two sides of the body by securing the plush cloth to each other using pins. Make sure that the parts are attached to the correct side of the cloth. If sewing by hand, use either blanket or back-stitching.

7.After attaching the cloth pieces, pin them to the cloth that will be used for the lower part of the body. Give 1/8″ allowance on the hemline when fastening them with pins. Sew the parts together and then tun the material inside out.

8.Prepare the parts for the face and head. Assemble the ears by securing them with pins, sewing them and then turning the cloth inside out. With pins, attach the ears to two cloth pieces cut to make the stuffed animal’s face and then sew. Attach this piece to the head gusset.

9.To make the nose, sew the two cuts together. Allow space to make tucks in the upper part of the two cuts and then attach it to the gusset to complete the head. Turn the material inside out to check if the parts are aligned properly, if not, correct them by sewing some more.

10.Mark the spot where the eyes and nose will be fastened. The technique is to hold the plastic eye in place, then make a slit using scissors or a cutter in the spot for inserting the eye. Fasten the eyes by putting its locks inside the cloth.

11.Do the same for attaching the nose. Make the slit just above the tucks.

12.Finally, stuff the assembled head and body parts with silicon fiber. Make sure that no space is left unfilled. The amount of silicon you put would depend on how soft you want your toy to be. Then connect the head and body parts by stitching them manually.

13.Tie ribbons around the neck or by the ears.

HANDICRAFTS

AGRICULTURE

Agriculture is on of my favorite subject because this is only major that all of our works was full of fun and even though is tiring we cant deny the fact that we really enjoyed our Agriculture subject, especially the plotting and planting our crops and dreassing the chicken and getting making some organic fertilizers. With that note, I've listed here the procedure of one of our organic fertilizer that we made, its called "BOKASHI FERMENTATION.."

Ingredients

100 lb (20kg X 2 bags) of wheat bran

12 litres of warm water

240 cc of molasses

240 ml of EM

What you'll need
a tarp, or a large,
smooth area protected from the raina bucket,
or a large spray bottle a large air-tight container,
such as an industrial plastic barrel with the lid

Instructions:

1. Spread wheat bran on a big plastic tarp.A driveway or any other smooth surface would do fine, but you'll want to make sure that you can protect it from rain - we think about these things in rainy British Columbia! With a tarp, you can wrap the whole batch up as a big bundle if rain threatens.

2. Mix the warm water, molasses and EM in a big container.

3. Spray the liquid mixture over the bran with a water jug or a large spray bottle.

4. Mix the bran and the liquid further by hand, crumbling the chunks down until the bran is evenly wetted.

5. Put the mixture in the air-tight barrel. Press it down as you stuff it in to remove as much air as possible.

6. Leave it for about a month in a warm place. (normal room temperature, or slightly warmer if possible)

7. When the surface of the mixture becomes covered with a whitish, fuzzy mold-like material and has a nice (at least for some of us!) sour fermented smell, it's done.

8. The bokashi can be used right away. For longer-term storage, spread the mixture out on your plastic tarp away from direct exposure to sunlight and moisture until it's completely dry. Break up any lumps; the bokashi should be completely granular. This usually takes a couple of days on the warm summer days of our area; in a hotter, drier climate it would presumably happen quite a bit quicker.

9. The dried bokashi should be good for at least two years.

ARCHITECTURAL DRAFTING

architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building (or building project) that falls within the definition of architecture. Architectural drawings are drawn according to a set of conventions, which include particular views (floor plan, section etc.), sheet sizes, units of measurement and scales, annotation and cross referencing. There are a lot of tools that can be used in the drawing but in the architectural drafting the most and basic tools are classified according to its uses. Here is the some tools in architectural drafting.

Drawing Tools

When drawing by hand, architects use a variety of lead weights and technical ink pens to achieve desired line weights. According to Paul Ross Wallach in Fundamentals of Modern Drafting, line weight determines the type of lead chosen with which to draw. He states, “hard leads are used for fine layout work, medium leads for most object lines, and soft leads for lettering and rendering.” Sketches and drafts are completed with these drawing utensils on vellum (also known as “bum wad”), trace paper, and drawing paper in various thicknesses. Erasers such as ink erasers and gum erasers, as well as electric erasers, all remove erroneous lines from drawings.

Rendering Tools

To complete life-like images, architects rely on the same rendering tools commonly known to artists. These include colored pencils, markers, pastels and watercolors.

Accuracy Tools

In order to convey the correct measurements and proportions, architects draw their building proposals to scale by using tools in a variety of combinations. They rely on t-squares, triangles, compasses, French curves, templates and scales to make lines the correct angle, curvature and length. To draw at the correct angle, t-squares are used for straight lines parallel or perpendicular to the drawing paper edges, and common triangles have edges that form 45-45-90 or 30-60-90 angle degrees. Similarly, an adjustable triangle can be set at a certain degree in order to form any particular angle. Curves are drawn using a compass for circles, whereas templates are usually replied upon for ovals. French curves or bendable rulers arrange specific curves. Additionally, architects rely on different scales to draw lines to the correct length. The most commonly used are the architect’s triangular scale, engineer triangular scale, and a metric scale.

Computer Drafting Tools

With the prevalence of computers and available software programs, many architects have converted to primarily using technological tools for drafting. However, hand drafting may still be used for preliminary sketching and layouts. Software programs allow architects to draft by selecting the type of line they wish to draw and the angle or curvature desired. No longer having to rely on the manual layout of tools, the use of the computer greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of drafting. Programs now exist that allow the architect to design in three dimensions and to create realistic 3-D models and renderings.

http://http://www.ehow.com/list_6684505_architectural-drafting-tools.html

ELECTRICITY

The best that I remembered in our electricity subject was the OHMS LAW because it was interesting to know and there are a lot of computation..

Ohm's Law defines the relationships between (P) power, (E) voltage, (I) current, and (R)

resistance. One ohm is the resistance value through which one volt will maintain a current of one

ampere. ( I ) Current is what flows on a wire or conductor like water flowing down a river.

Current flows from negative to positive on the surface of a conductor. Current is measured in (A)

amperes or amps. ( E ) Voltage is the difference in electrical potential between two points in a

circuit. It's the push or pressure behind current flow through a circuit, and is measured in (V) volts. ( R ) Resistance determines how much current will flow through a component. Resistors are used to control voltage and current levels. A very high resistance allows a small amount of current to flow. A very low resistance allows a large amount of current to flow. Resistance is measured in ohms. ( P ) Power is the amount of current times the voltage level at a given point measured in wattage or watts. Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them provided the temperature remains constant.The mathematical equation that describes this relationship is:

ELECTRONICS

One of our major in our course is the introduction to Electronics which we done a lot of computation regarding on how to get the amperes, resistant and to determine the number coding of the resistor. We have 2 project under this project but the most interesting project that we had is to assemble the audio amplifier. Ive listed here the procedure in making the audio amplifier..

PROCEDURE:

step 1ComponentsYou need the following components 1- LM 386 semiconductor (IC) 2- 100 micro Farad capacitor 3- 220 micro Farad capacitor 4- 10 ohm resistor 5- 5 kilo ohm variable resistor 6- 100 ohm variable resistor 7- 0.01 capacitor 8- 0.047 capacitor 9- Wires 10- 9V Battery clip 11- 9V Battery 12- 3.5mm stereo jack male 13- 3.5mm stereo jack female 14- Project board (…

step 2Circuit DiagramThe circuit which we are going to make is. Thanks to cld000 for schematic drawing.

step 3Placing the IC1- Place the LM 386 in the project board as show in the image. 2-If you pick the IC in front of you (so you can read what is written on it) then the lower left pin is 1 and the pin number increase anticlockwise.Take a wire and join the 3rd pin to 4th pin(GND pin).

step 4. CapacitorJoin the one pin of 0.01 capacitor with the 2nd pin of IC. The other pin of the capacitor should be joined with the INPUT.

step 5GAIN Controller4-Now join the 1st pin of IC with the A pin of the 5 k ohm variable resistor. Join th A pin of this variable resistor with the C pin.Lastly join the 8th pin of IC with the B of this variable resistor.This becomes the GAIN.

step 6100 micro Farad Capacitor5-Join the +ve side of the 100 micro Farad capacitor with 6th pin of the IC.The -ve of this capacitor should be joined with GND pin (4th pin of IC).

step 710 ohm resistor & 0.047 capacitor6-Join the 5th pin of IC with one side of 10 ohm resistor, the other side of the resistor should be joined with the one pin of 0.047 capacitor. The second pin of the capacitor should be joined with the GND pin (4th pin of IC).

step 8Volume Controller7-Now again join the 5th pin of the IC with the +ve side of 220 micro farad, the -ve side of the pin should be attached with the A of the 100 ohm variable resistor.The B pin of the variable resistor should be connected to the GND pin (4th pin of IC).This becomes the Volume controller.

step 9Input and Output8-Join the +ve pin of the 3.5mm stereo jack female with the C of the 100 ohm variable resistor.And the GND of the female jack should be attached with the GND of the IC (4th pin of IC). 9-Join the +ve of the 3.5 mm stereo jack male with the other side of the 0.01 capacitor and join the GND of the male jack with the GND of the IC.

step 10Testing10- Last but not the least join the +Ve of 9V battery with the 6th pin of IC and -Ve of the battery with the 4th pin of IC. Congratulation !!! you have made your own simple audio amplifier. Now the time to check it out.Join the male jack with your mp3 player or musical instrument and female with the speakers.Now adjust the Volume and Gain to get the best and loudest…