AGRICULTURE

Agriculture is on of my favorite subject because this is only major that all of our works was full of fun and even though is tiring we cant deny the fact that we really enjoyed our Agriculture subject, especially the plotting and planting our crops and dreassing the chicken and getting making some organic fertilizers. With that note, I've listed here the procedure of one of our organic fertilizer that we made, its called "BOKASHI FERMENTATION.."

Ingredients

100 lb (20kg X 2 bags) of wheat bran

12 litres of warm water

240 cc of molasses

240 ml of EM

What you'll need
a tarp, or a large,
smooth area protected from the raina bucket,
or a large spray bottle a large air-tight container,
such as an industrial plastic barrel with the lid

Instructions:

1. Spread wheat bran on a big plastic tarp.A driveway or any other smooth surface would do fine, but you'll want to make sure that you can protect it from rain - we think about these things in rainy British Columbia! With a tarp, you can wrap the whole batch up as a big bundle if rain threatens.

2. Mix the warm water, molasses and EM in a big container.

3. Spray the liquid mixture over the bran with a water jug or a large spray bottle.

4. Mix the bran and the liquid further by hand, crumbling the chunks down until the bran is evenly wetted.

5. Put the mixture in the air-tight barrel. Press it down as you stuff it in to remove as much air as possible.

6. Leave it for about a month in a warm place. (normal room temperature, or slightly warmer if possible)

7. When the surface of the mixture becomes covered with a whitish, fuzzy mold-like material and has a nice (at least for some of us!) sour fermented smell, it's done.

8. The bokashi can be used right away. For longer-term storage, spread the mixture out on your plastic tarp away from direct exposure to sunlight and moisture until it's completely dry. Break up any lumps; the bokashi should be completely granular. This usually takes a couple of days on the warm summer days of our area; in a hotter, drier climate it would presumably happen quite a bit quicker.

9. The dried bokashi should be good for at least two years.

ARCHITECTURAL DRAFTING

architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building (or building project) that falls within the definition of architecture. Architectural drawings are drawn according to a set of conventions, which include particular views (floor plan, section etc.), sheet sizes, units of measurement and scales, annotation and cross referencing. There are a lot of tools that can be used in the drawing but in the architectural drafting the most and basic tools are classified according to its uses. Here is the some tools in architectural drafting.

Drawing Tools

When drawing by hand, architects use a variety of lead weights and technical ink pens to achieve desired line weights. According to Paul Ross Wallach in Fundamentals of Modern Drafting, line weight determines the type of lead chosen with which to draw. He states, “hard leads are used for fine layout work, medium leads for most object lines, and soft leads for lettering and rendering.” Sketches and drafts are completed with these drawing utensils on vellum (also known as “bum wad”), trace paper, and drawing paper in various thicknesses. Erasers such as ink erasers and gum erasers, as well as electric erasers, all remove erroneous lines from drawings.

Rendering Tools

To complete life-like images, architects rely on the same rendering tools commonly known to artists. These include colored pencils, markers, pastels and watercolors.

Accuracy Tools

In order to convey the correct measurements and proportions, architects draw their building proposals to scale by using tools in a variety of combinations. They rely on t-squares, triangles, compasses, French curves, templates and scales to make lines the correct angle, curvature and length. To draw at the correct angle, t-squares are used for straight lines parallel or perpendicular to the drawing paper edges, and common triangles have edges that form 45-45-90 or 30-60-90 angle degrees. Similarly, an adjustable triangle can be set at a certain degree in order to form any particular angle. Curves are drawn using a compass for circles, whereas templates are usually replied upon for ovals. French curves or bendable rulers arrange specific curves. Additionally, architects rely on different scales to draw lines to the correct length. The most commonly used are the architect’s triangular scale, engineer triangular scale, and a metric scale.

Computer Drafting Tools

With the prevalence of computers and available software programs, many architects have converted to primarily using technological tools for drafting. However, hand drafting may still be used for preliminary sketching and layouts. Software programs allow architects to draft by selecting the type of line they wish to draw and the angle or curvature desired. No longer having to rely on the manual layout of tools, the use of the computer greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of drafting. Programs now exist that allow the architect to design in three dimensions and to create realistic 3-D models and renderings.

http://http://www.ehow.com/list_6684505_architectural-drafting-tools.html

ELECTRICITY

The best that I remembered in our electricity subject was the OHMS LAW because it was interesting to know and there are a lot of computation..

Ohm's Law defines the relationships between (P) power, (E) voltage, (I) current, and (R)

resistance. One ohm is the resistance value through which one volt will maintain a current of one

ampere. ( I ) Current is what flows on a wire or conductor like water flowing down a river.

Current flows from negative to positive on the surface of a conductor. Current is measured in (A)

amperes or amps. ( E ) Voltage is the difference in electrical potential between two points in a

circuit. It's the push or pressure behind current flow through a circuit, and is measured in (V) volts. ( R ) Resistance determines how much current will flow through a component. Resistors are used to control voltage and current levels. A very high resistance allows a small amount of current to flow. A very low resistance allows a large amount of current to flow. Resistance is measured in ohms. ( P ) Power is the amount of current times the voltage level at a given point measured in wattage or watts. Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them provided the temperature remains constant.The mathematical equation that describes this relationship is:

ELECTRONICS

One of our major in our course is the introduction to Electronics which we done a lot of computation regarding on how to get the amperes, resistant and to determine the number coding of the resistor. We have 2 project under this project but the most interesting project that we had is to assemble the audio amplifier. Ive listed here the procedure in making the audio amplifier..

PROCEDURE:

step 1ComponentsYou need the following components 1- LM 386 semiconductor (IC) 2- 100 micro Farad capacitor 3- 220 micro Farad capacitor 4- 10 ohm resistor 5- 5 kilo ohm variable resistor 6- 100 ohm variable resistor 7- 0.01 capacitor 8- 0.047 capacitor 9- Wires 10- 9V Battery clip 11- 9V Battery 12- 3.5mm stereo jack male 13- 3.5mm stereo jack female 14- Project board (…

step 2Circuit DiagramThe circuit which we are going to make is. Thanks to cld000 for schematic drawing.

step 3Placing the IC1- Place the LM 386 in the project board as show in the image. 2-If you pick the IC in front of you (so you can read what is written on it) then the lower left pin is 1 and the pin number increase anticlockwise.Take a wire and join the 3rd pin to 4th pin(GND pin).

step 4. CapacitorJoin the one pin of 0.01 capacitor with the 2nd pin of IC. The other pin of the capacitor should be joined with the INPUT.

step 5GAIN Controller4-Now join the 1st pin of IC with the A pin of the 5 k ohm variable resistor. Join th A pin of this variable resistor with the C pin.Lastly join the 8th pin of IC with the B of this variable resistor.This becomes the GAIN.

step 6100 micro Farad Capacitor5-Join the +ve side of the 100 micro Farad capacitor with 6th pin of the IC.The -ve of this capacitor should be joined with GND pin (4th pin of IC).

step 710 ohm resistor & 0.047 capacitor6-Join the 5th pin of IC with one side of 10 ohm resistor, the other side of the resistor should be joined with the one pin of 0.047 capacitor. The second pin of the capacitor should be joined with the GND pin (4th pin of IC).

step 8Volume Controller7-Now again join the 5th pin of the IC with the +ve side of 220 micro farad, the -ve side of the pin should be attached with the A of the 100 ohm variable resistor.The B pin of the variable resistor should be connected to the GND pin (4th pin of IC).This becomes the Volume controller.

step 9Input and Output8-Join the +ve pin of the 3.5mm stereo jack female with the C of the 100 ohm variable resistor.And the GND of the female jack should be attached with the GND of the IC (4th pin of IC). 9-Join the +ve of the 3.5 mm stereo jack male with the other side of the 0.01 capacitor and join the GND of the male jack with the GND of the IC.

step 10Testing10- Last but not the least join the +Ve of 9V battery with the 6th pin of IC and -Ve of the battery with the 4th pin of IC. Congratulation !!! you have made your own simple audio amplifier. Now the time to check it out.Join the male jack with your mp3 player or musical instrument and female with the speakers.Now adjust the Volume and Gain to get the best and loudest…

WELDING

Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing coalescence. This is often done by melting the workpieces and adding a filler material to form a pool of molten material (the weld pool) that cools to become a strong joint, with pressure sometimes used in conjunction with heat, or by itself, to produce the weld. This is in contrast with soldering and brazing, which involve melting a lower-melting-point material between the workpieces to form a bond between them, without melting the workpieces.

Welding is one of our major in our course, we only have one project in our major and that is a sink or scope for a rice, we only choose one and our lab choose the sink that is made of aluminum. i dont have any procedure listed in my notebook but I've searched it and i will post it here.

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Step 1

   Determine where you want the sink, and the style, such as pedestal, vessel, or integral.

2. Step 2

   Find a mold in the shape you want for your kitchen or bathroom sink. These can be found in specialty and construction shops. The mold is usually made of foam. Take measurements beforehand so you'll know how big you want the sink to be.

3. Step 3

   Choose a color for your sink. You will mix the liquid coloring into the concrete when preparing the mixture.

4. Step 4

   Mix the concrete. Be sure to purchase stiff concrete and then add one and a half gallons of water per cubic yard in order to make the concrete smooth. Add the liquid coloring.

5. Step 5

   Cover the mold with mixed concrete. Apply by hand and then smooth it out with a trowel. Wait for the concrete to harden. With a vessel sink there will be a small mount placed above the counter but underneath the actual sink. Put silicone around the bottom of the sink to prevent water from remaining underneath sink. With a pedestal you will need to add the mount under the sink but above the stand it sits on. An integral mount is under the counter where it is not in plain view. The integral is the most common type of kitchen sink, fitted into place within the counter top.

http://http://www.ehow.com/how_4540526_make-concrete-sink.html

CARPENTRY

Carpentry is one of our major in our course but this major was not that hard i mean it wasn't that tiring because we don't do anything that concerns in our major, in fact we done a lot of computation on how to get a sack of cement, kilos of bars and thoer terminology in carpentry. but we done a hollow blocks making on our final exam and that was fun because we experience on how to make a hollow blocks in our own. I've listed here the procedure on how to make a hollow blocks.. hope you can try this at home..

1. Step 1

   Inflate a beach ball and use a felt pen to draw a circle around the top, with the air valve in the center. This will be the opening of your concrete block.

2. Step 2

   Apply water-based concrete-releasing agents to the entire surface of the ball.

3. Step 3

   Wrap strips of hardware cloth around the surface of the ball, leaving the area inside the drawn circle clear. Be sure the strips remain as evenly spaced as possible: Multiple layers on top of one another will create an uneven surface, which makes it trickier to get the concrete sphere right.

4. Step 4

   Place a layer of wet concrete around the surface of the ball. The layer should be a uniform 1/2 inch thick around the entire surface. The area inside the drawn circle should be kept completely free of concrete mix.

5. Step 5

   Allow the concrete to harden for at least 24 hours.

6. Step 6

   Deflate the ball and carefully remove it from the concrete.

7. Step 7

   Add additional layers of concrete over the first until the block is of the desired thickness. You may wish to do this in stages, adding a little concrete at a time instead of placing it all on at once.

FOOD 1

FOOD II - BAKING

Baking is one of my favorite major subject because we gain much knowledge on how to bake a cake of on how to make a bread and cookies. my favorite cake that we done is the ORANGE CHIFFON CAKE. I've listed here the recipe of Orange Chiffon Cake.

Ingredients

• 2 1/4 cups cake flour
• 1 1/2 cups white sugar
• 1 tablespoon baking powder
• 1 teaspoon salt
• 5 egg yolks
• 1/2 cup vegetable oil
• 3/4 cup orange juice
• 1 tablespoon orange zest
• 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 1 cup egg whites
• 1/2 teaspoon cream of tartar

Directions

1. Preheat oven to 325 degrees F (165 degrees C). Wash angel food tube pan in hot soapy water to ensure it is totally grease free.
2. Sift flour, sugar, baking powder, and salt together into bowl. Make a well in center. Put egg yolks, cooking oil, orange juice, orange rind, and vanilla into well. Set aside. Don't beat yet.
3. In a large bowl, beat egg whites and cream of tartar in mixing bowl until very stiff. Set aside.
4. Using same beaters, beat egg yolk-flour mixture until smooth. Gently fold 1/4 at a time into egg whites. Pour batter into ungreased 10 inch angel food tube pan.
5. Bake in oven for 60 to 70 minutes, until an inserted wooden pick comes out clean. Invert pan until cake has cooled. Remove from pan. Serve plain or frost with Orange Icing.

Nutritional Information

Orange Chiffon Cake

Servings Per Recipe: 14

Amount Per Serving

Calories: 271

• Total Fat: 9.7g
• Cholesterol: 73mg
• Sodium: 303mg
• Total Carbs: 41.6g
• Dietary Fiber: 0.5g
• Protein: 4.8g

FOOD PROCESSING

We done a lot of project in our food processing but i like most of our project is making a process

food like tocino, corned beef and etc. I've listed here the procedure and ingredients in making a

tocino.

Meat: 1kg. Pork pigue or kasim, with or without skin. Boneless, sliced 1/4 inch thick

Ingredients:

• salt – 2 tbsp.
• sugar – 5-8 tbsp.
• rhum or gin – 1 tbsp.
• prague powder – 1/4 to 1/2 tsp.
• vetsin (optional) – 1 tsp.
• ascorbic acid (250 mg) – 1/2 Tablet

Utensils

• mixing bowl
• measuring spoons
• knife
• weighing scale
• chopping board

Procedure:

1. Slice meat to about 0.63 cm (1/4 inch) thick.
2. Mix all above ingredients for curing.
3. Rub the mixture on both sides of the slices and re-mix all to allow even distribution of curing mixture.
4. Arrange the pieces in a bowl and cover.
5. Keep at room temperature for 12 hours or in the refrigerator for 3 days to cure (the slices may be dried under the sun after curing to prolong shelf life).

Packaging materials:

• Polyethylene bags: Size – 6″ x 12″ ; Thickness – 0.003
• Styrofoam, rectangular in shape with cling on top

FISHERY ARTS

Our project in the Fishery Arts is cleaning and making a pond and putting some fish to grow it.. Here is the procedure in making a pond.

1. Before constructing your pond, go to local pet stores and look at their koi ponds for some ideas.

2. Depending on the size of the pond that you have in mind, you will be able to find materials in retail or garden stores. Garden and pet stores can also supply you with plants.

3. Go to your local plant nursery for materials as well. They also carry water plants, rock, statues, and fountain kits for ponds.

4. Obtain a pond "base", the "shell" that will hold the water, fish, etc.

5. Get rocks and plants that can stay wet all the time, because they will be planted beside your pond, and you want them to be able to hold up to the moisture.

6. Pick your pump. If you want running water in your pond, there are hundreds, if not millions, of different kinds of pumps and fountains. Look in your local hardware or pet store to see their selection.

7. Plan on purchasing fish at your local pet store or garden center. DO NOT purchase fish until you have completely set-up/installed your pond and it has had a few days for the water temp/PH to settle. You can even add frogs (but they will probably come on their own), and if you're unsure of what kind of fish to use in your pond, ask for some advice at the pet store, and they can point you in the direction of the types of fish that would suit your pond.

8. Decide what type of pond you want. You can have a flat pond, by setting the base directly on the ground, and surrounding it with rocks. Or, you can have a raised pond, simply by piling up dirt (not too high) and flattening the top with a shovel, then set the bottom of your base into the dirt, until it's a snug fit. Build up rocks around the mound of dirt, plant some colorful flowers near your pond, with everything that is out there these days, the possibilities are endless.

graphic arts and science

GRAPHIC ARTS AND SCIENCE

Is to the art of printmaking and drawing. In contemporary usage it refers to the applied trade-skills of a pressman, pre-press technician, or typesetter. The term can include the trades of lithography, serigraphy and bindery, among others. Graphic arts as a trade can be traced back to the first instances of the stamped image or word. graphic art is the production of a design on a medium like Rubber, Plexiglas, or other materials in order to transfer the images and/or make an impression/print to the materials of choice such as paper, cloth, wood, metals, and plastics etc. More recently graphic art refers to the generation of two-dimensional, computer-generated images. These images most often contain text along with other drawings. Graphic art is most often used in marketing.

T-SHIRT PRINTING

What you'll need

• Embroidery hoop -Use one that is the right size for your design. They can be found at craft stores.

• Gauzy curtain -Use a transparent curtain or a swatch of sheer fabric. Use one that has small holes for the best results.

• Screen printing ink or black fabric paint -Both of these can be found at a craft store.

• Mod Podge -This is a kind of water resistant glue. It can be found at any craft store or online.

• Blank paper and watercolor paints

• A small sponge brush

• Stencil (See our library of hundreds of printable stencils) or design of your choice.

• T-shirt

• Watercolor paint and paintbrush